The Civil War Service of Julius von Wittke

Introduction: A complete narrative could be done on the military service of Julius von Wittke, although the illnesses from which he suffered seemed to have allowed little opportunity for combat or other engagements. The regimental histories of the 3rd and 4th New York Cavalry could be consulted. From the existing records, the following appears likely.

Following the outbreak of the Civil War, Julius von Wittke volunteered for service with the New York State Militia. At the time (1861), he was 31 years old, had been married about 7 years, and had no children. He was at that time pursuing his trade as a woodcarver and furniture maker in New York City. Perhaps because of his age, education, or standing in the community, or his family’s record of military service in Prussia, he was made a Lieutenant in Company C of the 3rd Regiment. [Records of the New York State Militia could be consulted.]

On 9 December 1861, von Wittke was commissioned a 1st Lieutenant in Company I, 4th Regiment of the New York Cavalry. He was mustered in at New York City. According to the records, he was present with his regiment in January and February of 1862. In later years, his widow recalled that he was hospitalized in spring of 1862 in the General Hospital in Washington, D. C. The nature of this illness is not recorded. However records submitted years later by his widow, seeking a pension, relate that von Wittke said that “he became enfebelled [enfeebled] in health” and “that he was afflicted with consumption which he contracted while in the army.” Apparently by May of 1862, von Wittke was well enough to return to duty. On 19 May 1862, he was enrolled in Co. A, 4th Regiment of the New York Cavalry. Two days later, he was promoted to the position of Captain of Co. A. Soon thereafter, von Wittke was apparently again hospitalized, this time during the months of June through September of 1862, at the Cumberland Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland.

By October of 1862, von Wittke had rejoined his Company, but the state of his health forced him to resign. In his letter of resignation, dated 10 October 1862, at Camp Fairfax Court House, Virginia, he wrote:
"I hereby respectfully tender you my resignation as Captain of Company A, 4th New York Cavalry. The reasons which have induced me to take this step are my physical inability to perform the ordinary duties encumbent upon a Cavalry Officer. Accompanying this, you will find certificates of Medical Officers under whose treatment I have been."

This resignation was apparently effective 20 October 1862. It could perhaps be assumed that following his resignation, Julius von Wittke returned to his home in New York City. The Muster Roll for his Company for the months of November and December 1862 list him as “absent.” (It might also be noted that the birth of his first daughter, Juliane, on 8 August 1863, indicates his presence at home about November 1862.)

The circumstances are not known, but Julius von Wittke “was re-appointed Captain on 12 November 1862, by the Governor [of New York].” He reentered service on 2 December 1862. The January and February Muster Rolls of Company A, 4th New York Cavalry list him as “present.” Once again, however, for reasons related to his health and fitness to serve, von Wittke resigned his commission. His letter of resignation was dated 2 April 1863, from Camp Potomac Creek Station. He was honorably discharged on 9 April 1863.


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